Proposal for the Largest Waste Management in Landfills in Indonesia for Environmental Sustainability and Public Health

Abstract

This study examines the impact of waste management policies on public health in Bantar Gebang landfill which faces challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, low community participation, and ineffective policy implementation. More than half of the waste generated is not transported to landfills, resulting in significant health and environmental risks, including respiratory infections, waterborne diseases, and vector-borne illnesses. The research adopts a qualitative phenomenological approach to understand the experiences of stakeholders, waste managers, and local communities. It also integrates the Waste Management Hierarchy, Community Participation Theory, and Policy Implementation Model to identify key gaps and propose potential solutions. The study reviews legal frameworks, including Indonesia’s Presidential Regulation No. 97 of 2017, and specific regulations relevant to the site, evaluating their effectiveness in addressing waste and health issues. The findings highlight the need for stronger public education campaigns, increased investment in infrastructure, and the implementation of advanced technologies such as Waste-to-Energy plants. The study stresses that comprehensive policies on waste reduction, improved segregation, and better recycling practices are critical for achieving sustainable waste management. Additionally, greater inter-agency collaboration and active community engagement are essential for ensuring successful implementation. Drawing on experiences from Tokyo, Stockholm, and Berlin, the study suggests strategies to reduce landfill dependence and improve public health.