Acrodermatitis Enteropathica: A Rare Case With Lifelong Implications

Abstract

Acrodermatitis enteropathica is a rare genetic disorder caused by a defect in intestinal zinc absorption, resulting in zinc deficiency and various clinical manifestations, including dermatitis, diarrhea, alopecia, and nail abnormalities. Here we present the case of a 10-year-old male child with diarrhea, and abdominal pain for several months who was diagnosed with acrodermatitis enteropathica confirmed by low serum zinc levels. The child had multiple erythematous, scaly, and crusted lesions on the hands and elbows, which resolved after starting oral zinc sulfate supplementation (10 mg/kg/day) in three divided doses. The patient's serum zinc levels normalized (1.0 µg/mL), and the skin lesions completely resolved after six months of follow-up with a regular zinc-rich diet and gradual reduction of zinc sulfate dosage to a maintenance level (2-4 mg/kg/day). This case report emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of acrodermatitis enteropathica to prevent the harmful consequences of zinc deficiency and highlights the need for healthcare providers to consider this disorder in children presenting with skin lesions and diarrhea, particularly those with a positive family history or consanguinity.