Black Families Who Choose Long-Term Breastfeeding

Abstract

Purpose:Black families face disproportionate rates of poor health outcomes, including low rates of breastfeeding initiation and duration. Some Black mothers make the decision to breastfeed their child beyond infancy and report positive experiences. Understanding their backgrounds, motivations, and characteristics of their breastfeeding experiences may provide insight into what factors facilitate achievement of long-term breastfeeding for Black mothers.Study Design and Methods:Surveys were deployed through a variety of methods including social media and emails to organizations that work with breastfeeding families. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey data and the open-ended question was analyzed using a word cloud program.Results:Surveys were completed by 194 eligible mothers. Participants had a mean age of 31 years (range: 19-50). Mean breastfeeding duration of their currently breastfed and youngest child was 21 months (median: 19.5, range: 12-57). Primary reasons for breastfeeding beyond infancy included child wants to cuddle (28.9%) and child is tired (24.7%). Fifty-seven percent of participants reported that their child breastfed three to six times per day and 57.2% reported that their child woke up at least two times per night to feed.Clinical Implications:Nurses are uniquely positioned to provide anticipatory guidance, resources, and support to breastfeeding parents. Just over half of the mothers in this study had not planned to breastfeed beyond 12 months at the start of their lactation journey. Nurses who work with breastfeeding families could be instrumental in providing resources, support, and tangible assistance for families who may consider breastfeeding beyond 1 year.