Artificial Intelligence and New Quality Productive Forces: Evidence from Vietnam’s Banking Sector

Abstract

This study examines how artificial intelligence (AI) contributes to the formation of new quality productive forces (NQPF) at the employee level. While prior research has largely treated AI as an external technological driver, this study investigates whether AI becomes embedded within employees’ capabilities through confidence and skill transformation. Using survey data from 303 employees in Vietnamese commercial banks, the study applies exploratory factor analysis and regression models to analyze the relationships among AI confidence, skill transformation, work experience, and NQPF. The results show that AI confidence has a significant positive effect on NQPF, and this relationship is strengthened by skill transformation. However, work experience weakens this effect, suggesting uneven adaptation across employee groups. These findings indicate that the impact of AI on productive transformation depends not only on technological deployment but also on workforce capability development. The study contributes to the literature by providing micro-level evidence on how AI may be internalized within labor processes in emerging economies.