A review of hydrogen combustion and its impact on engine performance and emissions

Abstract

The article focuses on the latest research and advancements in the use of hydrogen as a fuel for internal combustion engines. It provides an in-depth analysis of hydrogen's potential to improve combustion efficiency, especially when used in blends with fossil fuels like ammonia and methane. Key findings highlight hydrogen's ability to reduce harmful emissions such as CO, HC, and soot, though it can increase NOx emissions due to higher combustion temperatures. The article also reviews various hydrogen injection technologies, including direct injection, which outperforms port fuel injection by significantly enhancing power output and fuel efficiency. Moreover, the study emphasizes the need for optimizing hydrogen ratios in dual-fuel engines to balance performance and emissions. These insights underscore hydrogen's role in future decarbonization efforts, with ongoing research focusing on mitigating NOx emissions while maintaining high efficiency.