Efectividad de las medidas y estrategias de prevención de úlceras por presión en neonatos

Abstract

Objetives: The main objective of this review was to examine the effectiveness, in terms of reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers (PU), of measures and preventive strategies of PU in hospitalized infants. Method: The recovery of studies was carried out through three databases (Medline through Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct), and from an expert. Only studies published from 2007-2017 in Spanish or English were included in this review, which directly or indirectly appreciate the effectiveness of a measure or preventive strategy of PU in hospitalized neonates and that in terms of design were controlled or quasi-experimental trials. Results: From 100 retrieved studies was conducted analysis of 5 studies, others were excluded for failing to meet the eligibility criteria. Most studies analyze the effectiveness of a preventive measure of secondary PU to treatment with Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in preterm infants. All of the studies have limitations in the methodology used, which makes the evidence of its recommendations to be low-moderate. Conclusions: Is necessary the realization of randomized controlled studies of higher power to be able to recommend any measure or preventive strategy.