Modality switching to modality weaving: updating theoretical perspectives for expanding media affordances

Abstract

Walther’s social information processing theory (SIPT) and hyperpersonal model provided key theoretical foundations guiding interpersonal computer-mediated communication and modality switching research. However, both the affordances and norms for use of mediated channels have changed considerably. This essay provides an in-depth reexamination of modality switching research including how the primary predictive variables (time, reduced communication cues, asynchronicity, and rate of exchange) may still predict modality effects in interpersonal communication. Then secondary predictive variables (cognitive resource allocation, selective self-presentation, external interference, the experience of commonality, violation import, magnitude and valence of idealized perceptions, and anticipation of future interactions) are identified. Finally, given the greater likelihood of experiencing modality weaving than modality switching, a framework for guiding future modality weaving research is offered.