Deepening Analysis on Factors Related to the Mothers’ Practices and Acute Respiratory Infection Disease in Children Under 5 Years Old in The Rural Area, Viet Nam

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed at identify some factors related to practices of mothers and acute respiratory infection disease in children under 5 years old in rural area, Vietnam. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on among 194 mothers and their children under 5 years old in the rural area of Vu Ban District, Nam Dinh province, Vietnam from October 2020 to June 2021. The questionnaire includes 16 items and 3 technique checklists was used which was comprised of sociodemographic factors and information about practices of mothers in prevention and caring for children with acute respiratory infection. The questionnaire and diagnosis of acute respiratory infection (ARI) was based on the revised WHO guidelines. Then the data was collected, analyzed and entered into the SPSS 25.0 program. Using Chi-Square statistics and the odds ratio OR with 95% CI confidence to analyze and determine the relation factors between the two variables in the study. Results: Unsatisfactory practices of mothers in prevention and caring for children with ARI accounted for high percentage (61.9%). In addition, the incidence of ARI in children under 5 years old was 43.8% (85/194 children). There were some relationships between the mothers’ education level, receiving counseling information, number of children, the incidence of ARI in children and mothers' practices about ARI. The difference was statistically significant with p <0.05. There were some relationships between the mothers’ education level, receiving counseling information about ARI, mothers’ practical skills in caring and the incidence of ARI in their children. The difference was statistically significant with p < 0.01. Conclusions: The practices of mothers in prevention and caring for their children with ARI were low. The study revealed that some factors related to practices of mothers and ARI disease in children under 5 years old.