High-throughput PET/CT imaging using a multiple-mouse imaging system

Abstract

A considerable limitation of current small-animal PET/CT imaging is the low throughput of acquisitions. Consequently, to sufficiently power a study, high costs accumulate. Together with a commercial scanner manufacturer, we developed a 4-bed mouse “hotel” to simultaneously image up to 4 mice, thereby reducing costs and maximizing the efficiency of radiotracer use when compared with scans performed with a single mouse bed. Methods: For physiologic evaluation of the mouse hotel, temperature and anesthesia were tested for uniformity in conjunction with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of mini image-quality phantoms designed to fit the new imaging system. After reconstruction, National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU-4 tests examined uniformity, recovery coefficients, and spillover ratios. To evaluate the mouse hotel under standard in vivo imaging conditions, 4 mice were simultaneously scanned by dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT over 60 min, and quantified images were compared with those acquired using a single mouse bed. Results: The mouse hotel maintained a constant temperature of 36.8°C ± 0.4°C, with anesthesia distributed evenly to each nose cone (2.9 ± 0.1 L/min). The National Electrical Manufacturers Association tests revealed values within tolerable limits for uniformity, for recovery coefficients in rods larger than 2 mm, and for spillover ratios in the nonradioactive water- and air-filled chambers. There was low variability in radiotracer uptake in all major organs for the mouse hotel versus the single mouse bed. Conclusion: Analysis of images acquired using the mouse hotel confirmed its utility to increase the throughput of small-animal PET imaging without considerable loss of image quality or quantitative precision. In comparison to a single mouse bed, the cost and time associated with each scan were substantially reduced.