Correction: Investigation of Oral Health Awareness and Associated Factors Among Japanese University Students: Analyzing Behaviors Influencing Lifelong Oral Health Promotion (Healthcare, (2025), 13, 12, (1370), 10.3390/healthcare13121370)

Abstract

In the original publication [1], there was an error in the numbering of the references cited in the main text. In Section 2.2.2, paragraph 2, “Rama et al. [18] and Ishikawa et al. [19]” was incorrectly stated. The correct wording is “Ishikawa et al. [18] and Rana et al. [19]”, reflecting both corrected author names and reference numbering. Due to data transcription mistakes during table preparation, there were also several mistakes in the tables as published. First, in Tables 1 and 2, under “Year of study”, the percentage for “Third year” was incorrectly stated as “20.4%”. The correct value is “20.5%”. Next, in Table 2, under “Satisfaction with current life”, the percentage for “Not satisfied” in the overall column was incorrectly stated as “23.5%”. The correct value is “26.5%”. The corrected tables appear below. Summary of participant characteristics. SD, standard deviation. Relationship between attributes and oral health. The p-values were calculated using a chi-square test. n.s., no significant difference. Furthermore, in Table 4, under “Interest in oral health”, the percentages for “Yes/No” in the overall column were incorrectly listed as “(Yes) 81.5%, (No) 18.5%”. The correct values are “(Yes) 72.2%, (No) 27.8%”. The corrected table appears below. Relationship between awareness of oral health and oral health status. The p-values were calculated using a chi-square test. n.s., no significant difference. In addition, in Table 5, under “Frequency of tooth brushing (times/day)”, the data and percentages for poor/good oral health status were incorrectly listed. The corrected values are as follows: 0–1 times/day “Poor: 327, 24.7%; Good: 501, 12.0%”, 2 times/day “Poor: 787, 59.5%; Good: 2676, 64.3%”, and 3 times/day or more “Poor: 209, 15.8%; Good: 982, 23.6%”. Moreover, in Table 5, under “Water intake (mL/day)”, the percentages in the total column were reversed. The correct values are “(Less than 1000 mL) 54.5%” and “(1000 mL or more) 45.5%”. The corrected table appears below. Relationship between oral health behavior and oral health status. The p-values were calculated using a chi-square test. n.s., no significant difference. Finally, in Table 6A, under “Living together with family”, the row labels in the overall column were reversed. The correct order is “Not living together” and “Living together”. The corrected table appears below. (A) Oral health behavior—comparison by year of study. The Ethics Approval number was incorrectly stated as “20220002”. The correct number is “20220001”. The corrected Institutional Review Board Statement is “This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and conducted with the approval of the Ethical Review Committee of Chubu University (Approval No.: 20230056) (Approval date: 4 October 2023) (Approval No.: 20220001) (Approval date: 12 April 2022).” The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.