Development trends of lithium ion batteries and their key materials for electric vehicles

Abstract

Further improving the energy density of batteries is the development theme and trend of lithium ion batteries for vehicle, and key materials lay the foundation for better batteries. This review covers scientific challenges and development trends for Li-ion batteries and their key materials, such as cathode, anode, electrolytes and separator. Developing novel cathode materials with high voltage and high capacity has become the main approach to increase the specific energy of lithium ion batteries. The anode materials will continuously develop towards low cost, high specific energy and high safety, and it becomes a consensus that silicon-based composites are very promising anode materials for boosting the energy density of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, this review analyzes the key technologies of lithium ion batteries, such as the materials selection and matching, battery safety and battery manufacturing process, and puts forward the fundamental scientific problems should be concerned in the study of lithium ion battery.