Lipid profile and markers of vascular inflammation in patients with stable angina in the presence and absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background. The mechanisms underlying the close relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have not been fully understood. The pathophysiological processes of vascular inflammation that accelerate and enhance the development of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and their complications warrant further study. Aims. To compare lipid profiles and inflammatory markers in patients with CAD and stable angina in the presence and absence of type 2 DM. Materials and methods. A total of 169 patients were examined: Group 1 included 123 patients with CAD but without DM; Group 2 consisted of 46 patients with CAD and DM. The biochemical parameters were estimated before coronary angiography. Results. The lipid profile in both groups of patients revealed elevated levels of atherogenic markers (TC, LDL, VLDLP and TG). Patients in Group 2 had significantly increased levels of vascular inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, homocysteine, IL-1β), TNF-α, MMP-9 and endothelin-1 compared to those in Group 1. Conclusions. Our results indicate that the vascular inflammatory response was more pronounced in patients with CAD and DM and that they have an increased risk of developing adverse vascular complications.