Omalizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-IgE antibody, reduces asthma-related emergency room visits and hospitalizations in patients with allergic asthma

Abstract

Background: Prevention of serious asthma exacerbations is an important therapeutic goal in patients with asthma. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of omalizumab (Xolair), a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, on the rate of serious exacerbations during long-term therapy. Methods: A pooled analysis was completed of 3 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III studies with omalizumab in adults/adolescents aged ≥12 years (n = 1071) and in children aged 6 to 12 years (n = 334) who required treatment with inhaled corticosteroids for allergic asthma. Rates of serious asthma exacerbations were computed and compared between omalizumab- and placebo-treated patients. Serious exacerbations were those leading to unscheduled outpatient visits, emergency room treatment, or hospitalization during 1 year of treatment. Results: In all, 767 patients were treated with omalizumab (at least 0.016 mg/kg/IgE [IU/mL], administered subcutaneously every 4 weeks). Another 638 patients were treated with placebo. The rate of unscheduled, asthma-related outpatient visits was lower for the omalizumab-treated patients than for the placebo-treated patients (rate ratio [95% CI], 0.60 [0.44, 0.81]; P < .01), as were asthma-related emergency room visits (rate ratio [95% CI], 0.47 [0.24, 1.01]; P = .05). Importantly, hospitalizations for asthma were markedly reduced in patients receiving omalizumab (rate ratio [95% CI], 0.08 [0.00, 0.25]; P < .01). Conclusion: Omalizumab reduces the rate of serious asthma exacerbations and the need for unscheduled outpatient visits, emergency room treatment, and hospitalization in patients with moderate-to-severe allergic asthma.