Geology of India

Abstract

India extends for about 3200kmfrom north to south and 2900kmfrom west to east and is located between latitudes 6 45' North at IndiraPoint, southernmost tip of the Great Nicobar ° Island and also the southernmost point of land in the territory of India, to little above 37 ° North and longitudes 68 East to 97 East. India has a diverse geology with different rock °° types representing the complete spectrum ranging in age from some of the oldest Archaean metamorphites/granitoids to the youngest Quaternary alluvium. Indian sub- continent is tectonically and physiographically divided into three broad domains i.e. the Peninsular India, the Extra-Peninsular India and the Indo-Gangetic Brahmaputra Plains. Indo-Gangetic plain is sandwiched between the shield area of the Peninsular India and the highly deformed suites of the Himalaya of Extra-Peninsular India, comprising essentially the younger metasediments. Physiographically,