Spirituality in social work practice: Myth or essential component of ethical and effective service provision?

Abstract

Summary: Recent scholarship questions the concept of practitioners addressing spirituality in social work practice arguing, for instance, that social workers should not conduct spiritual assessments. This article responds to these criticisms. Employing a modified domain-based review of the relevant literature, this article contends that addressing spirituality is an essential component of ethical and effective service provision. Findings: To support the notion that social workers should address spirituality in practice, seven intertwined rationales are delineated. Specifically, conducting a spiritual assessment positions practitioners to (1) observe widely affirmed social work ethical principles, (2) respect client autonomy regarding the nature of the services they receive, (3) identify potential strengths that can be leveraged to assist clients deal with challenges, (4) provide culturally relevant services that resonate, rather than conflict, with clients' values, (5) create evidence-informed spiritual interventions that ameliorate problems, (6) advocate for social justice and clients' fundamental human rights, and (7) comply with professional standards and protocols that require the administration of spiritual assessments to optimize the effectiveness of services. Applications: Based on the findings, we suggest that social workers should be equipped and trained to administer spiritual assessments and work with clients' spiritual and religious beliefs and practices to ensure the provision of effective, client-centered services.