Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbandes

Abstract

Background: Ligamentous lesions of the knee joint increase because of more time for sports activity and new lifestyles. Arthroscopic minimal invasive stable reconstructive operative techniques allow early forced knee rehabilitation. The aim of the operative reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament ist the reintegration of the patient in work and sports activity. The instable knee joint reduces the quality of life and therefore the operative reconstruction is a clear indication. Methods: The graft harvested from the mid third of the patellar ligament for ACL reconstruction is beneath the hamstrig grafts the golden standard. The arthroscopic minimal invasive surgery with stable fixations of the graft allows the forced early functional rehabilitation to achieve excellent clinical results. The therapeutic influence of the ligament healing and the training of proprioceptive pathways of the injuried extremity are the new results of scientific investigation and show excellent clinical results. Results: Minimally invasive stabile reconstruction by means of arthroscopy accelerates rehabilitation. Recent published findings confirm that only the reconstruction of central knee stability enables proprioreceptive functions of the articular capsule to be the use of the central third of the patellar tendon as bone-ligament-bone graft figures as a proven clinical method, as alternative to hamstring grafts. Conclusions: Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament shows several advantages over the open technique. Long-term results are dependent on different factors than the technique of surgery. The new advances in research are the influence of the healing of connective tissue and the training of the proprioreceptive pathways of the injured extremity and are reflected in excellent clinical findings. Quick rehabilitation and less complications are the advantages of the arthroscopic technique.