Osteomyelitis of maxilla in infantile with periorbital cellulitis: A case report

Abstract

Infantile osteomyelitis (IO) is an uncommon and lifethreatening disease that can be misdiagnosed. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the incidence of sequel. In this case report, we present a 25-day-old male infant with apparent edema in the entire left periorbital region. Intraorally, the edema occurred in the mucosa of the upper left alveolar region, and 2 draining fistulas with exuded yellow-white pus were present in the left alveolar region. The patient received constant monitoring after admission, and was diagnosed as IO of the maxilla with periorbital cellulitis and sepsis. He also received incision and drainage and anti-inflammatory treatment. After discharge, the patient was followed up for 3 months by phone call, but no recurrence of symptoms was found. Infantile osteomyelitis is rare in clinic. This case report reminds us of the significance of IO and provides some implications on its diagnosis and treatment. advent of antibiotics. The incidence has been reported at 1/1000 to 3/1000 in neonatal intensive care units,5 but IO may still germinate if neglected. Regarding the rarity and diagnostic dilemma of IO, we report here a case of a 25-day-old male infant.