Influence of selective comorbidity predictors on functional recovery after hip fracture in an older population

Abstract

Aim. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of four comorbidities from the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G) and their severity on functional status outcome after a rehabilitation program measured by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in patients with hip fracture. Methods. The study included 203 patients whose functional status was evaluated by the BBS at admission (Group 1), at discharge (Group 2) and 3 months after discharge (Group 3). Further comorbidity parameters from the CIRS-G were assessed: musculoskeletal impairment, neurological, vascular and cognitive impairment. For the evaluation of CIRS-G severity degree we used the range 0-4. Results. At admission there were non-significant differences in mean values of BBS between parameters for the same CIRS-G severity degree. Significant differences between BBS values were noticed in the period after discharge (Group 2(musculoskeletal); P<0.05, Group 2(neurological and cognitive); P<0.01) and after 3 months of follow-up (Group 3(musculoskeletal, neurological and cognitive); P<0.01). Higher effects of CIRS-G severity degree on BBS values in Group 2 and Group 3 for neurological impairment (η2Group 2=29.76 and η2Group 3=28.35) and even higher for cognitive impairment (η2 Group 2=34.35 and η2Group 3=40.63) were noticed. Conclusion. Increase in CIRS-G severity degree of cognitive and neurological impairment in patients after hip fracture that were included in the rehabilitation program correlates closely with functional status after discharge and after 3 months of follow-up. Rehabilitation of patients after hip fracture should be mandatory for functional recovery regardless of the comorbidity and functional status.