Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with E-VALI: Literature review and report of a case in Mexico

Abstract

In the last decade, the use of e-cigarettes in Mexico has increased indiscriminately. Recently the association between the use of vaporizers, commonly called «vaping» and lung lesions, has been reported. Lung injury associated with the use of e-cigarettes (E-VALI) poses a life threat, regardless of frequency or intensity. It is necessary to suspect E-VALI as a differential diagnosis in patients with respiratory failure without apparent etiology who have the history of e-cigarette use. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that, in the background of e-cigarette exposure and the exclusion of common differential diagnoses (infectious, neoplastic, rheumatological processes, etc.), the possibility of E-VALI is confirmed. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutics for this pathology are essential. We present the approach of a 26-year-old male patient with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage associated with E-VALI and an updated review of the subject.