Pre-incisional Preventive Precise Multimodal Analgesia May Enhance the Rehabilitation Process of Acute Postoperative Pain Following Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: There has been limited research regarding the effect of preventive precise multimodal analgesia (PPMA) on the duration of acute postoperative pain after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate how PPMA affects pain rehabilitation. Objectives: Our primary objective was to reduce the duration of acute postoperative pain after TLH, including incisional and visceral pain. Study Design: A double blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China. Methods: Seventy patients undergoing TLH were randomized to Group PPMA or Group Control (Group C) in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in Group PPMA were given PPMA through the pre-incisional administration of parecoxib sodium 40 mg (parecoxib is not approved for use in the US) and oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg as well as local anesthetic infiltration at the incision sites. In Group C, similar doses of parecoxib sodium and oxycodone were injected during uterine removal, and a local anesthetic infiltration procedure was performed immediately before skin closure. The index of consciousness 2 was utilized to titrate the remifentanil dosage in all patients to ensure sufficient analgesia. Results: Compared with the Control, PPMA shortened the durations of incisional and visceral pain at rest (median, interquartile range [IQR]: 0, 0.0– 2.5) vs 2.0, 0.0–48.0 hours, P = 0.045; 24.0, 6.0–24.0 vs 48.0, 24.0–48.0 hours, P < 0.001; and during coughing 1.0, 0.0–3.0 vs 24.0, 0.3–48.0 hours, P = 0.001; 24.0, 24.0–48.0] vs 48.0, 48.0–72.0] hours, P < 0.001). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for incisional pain within 24 hours and visceral pain within 48 hours in Group PPMA were lower than those in Group C (P < 0.05). PPMA evidently decreased the VAS scores for incisional pain during coughing at 48 hours (P < 0.05). Pre-incisional PPMA significantly reduced postoperative opioid consumption (median, IQR: 3.0 [0.0–3.0] vs 3.0 [0.8–6.0] mg, P = 0.041) and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (25.0% vs 50.0%, P = 0.039). Postoperative recovery and hospital stay were similar between the 2 groups. Limitations: This research had some limitations, including that it was a single-center research with a limited sample size. Our study cohort did not represent the overall patient population in the People’s Republic of China; therefore, the external validity of our findings remains limited. Furthermore, the prevalence of chronic pain was not tracked. Conclusion: Pre-incisional PPMA may enhance the rehabilitation process of acute postoperative pain after TLH.