Wind Speeds as Measured by Cup and Sonic Anemometers and Influenced by Tower Structure

Abstract

Wind tunnel and field experiments have shown that the fast-response three-component sonic anemometer is a highly accurate wind speed sensor. When sonic anemometers were used as reference sensors for wind speed, slower response cup anemometers were found to consistently overestimate the wind speed. Despite measures taken during a field program in Kansas to minimize tower influence on wind measurements, the errors due to the tower effect on the windward side are inferred to be about ±5% of the observed wind speed ratios of cup to sonic anemometers. When the observed speed ratios are compared with the errors due to tower influence, the overspeeding of the cup anemometer is estimated to be about 10% of the reference wind speed.