Síndrome de desgaste profesional (burnout) en médicos cirujanos especialistas: prevalencia y factores de riesgo

Abstract

Background: Medical surgeons specialists are exposed to risk factors, the most frequent being those of the psychosocial type, where burnout syndrome is included due to the type of exposure and diversification of their activities as a member of the health team and the legal and socio-labor repercussions. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of burnout in medical surgeons. Method: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in 296 specialists. The data was processed descriptively and inferentially with the support of the SPSS 15.0 and Epi-infoV6.1 program. Results: There was a response in 92.5% of the interviewees and the burnout was found in 40.2%. Significant differences were detected in age under 40 years, not having a stable partner, and < 15 years with your partner, being a medical oncologist, having < 10 years of professional seniority and in the workplace. Conclusions: Burnout is frequent (40.2%), as risk factors are, being: woman; under 40 years old; not having a stable partner, under 15 years with her and not working this, without children; surgical medical oncologist; < 10 years of professional seniority and job position, night shift; definitive hiring; not having another job and more than 4 h in it. The involvement of the subscales behaves like the syndrome. There was a negative correlation with burnout between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and positive with lack of personal fulfillment at work.