Biodegradable packaging based on PLA with antimicrobial properties

Abstract

Background: Packaging is an inseparable element of most consumer products. In addition to its primary passive protective and logistic function, it is also an excellent tool for the innovation development. One of the types of packaging innovations in the food and cosmetic industry are antimicrobial packaging. They are an example of packaging that actively protects packed products and eliminates harmful preservatives. Protection of goods against microbial spoilage extends shelf life and at the same time facilitates storage processes. Methods: This paper aims to obtain biodegradable films based on PLA with antimicrobial properties. Four different natural antimicrobial agents were used: clove essential oil, peppermint essential oil, and two commercial powders containing nisin (Nisaplin and Novagard). The mechanical, barrier and optical properties were tested. Results: The implementation of antimicrobial agents changed the properties of the tested bio-packaging in different rate depending on the agent. The new blends showed antimicrobial activity, however the addition of antimicrobials weakened the mechanical properties and changed the colour. Conclusions: The biodegradable packaging materials can be used as a polymer matrix of different antimicrobial agents. They can inhibit the growth of bacteria in food or cosmetics and regarding their future use the influence on mechanical properties should be considered. Moreover, the biodegradability of biopolymers containing antimicrobial agents has barely been investigated.