Rural Depopulation in the Context of 4.0 Technologies: Opportunities for Sustainability and Innovation Policies

Abstract

This paper provides a systematic review of the scientific landscape of the interdisciplinary field of rural depopulation studies, considering the potential contribution of Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies or Industry 4.0 to enhance our contemporary understanding and policy approach to facing the complex challenge of rural transitions. Two levels of intersec search are examined: (a) an aggregated conceptual level of rural population studies and (b) a more policy-based level. Blockchain, the Internet of Things, additive manufacturing, and other 4.0 technologies highlight a scientific panorama in which social and sustainable concerns are integrated with the disruptive potential of these technologies.