Seismic Analysis of Single Unit Tunnel Form Building Subjected to Out-of-Plane Lateral Cyclic Loading Using Ruaumoko 2D Programme

Abstract

To date, frequent seismic events are seen to cause major destruction to the countries that are hit by great Earthquake with magnitude greater than 7 Scale Richter. These kinds of disasters are unpredicted and may give negative impacts for structures and human. However, the consequences of seismic can be mitigated by characterizing the hazard that might be affecting the existing structures. Therefore, the performance of tunnel form building (TFB) has been examined under various level of earthquake events. Ten numbers of ground motions are selected based on previous earthquake records to determine the level of safety of single unit tunnel form building (TFB). Four previous earthquake records are selected from countries outside of Malaysia, while the other six previous earthquake records are selected from East and West Malaysia. The prototype building has then been modelled and analysed to obtain the maximum lateral displacement and lateral loading capacity to assess the structural deformation of the TFB at peak ground acceleration for selected past earthquake history. From this analysis, the safety level of TFB under selected ten past earthquake records are investigated. It can be concluded that this type of building survives under local earthquakes but experienced severe damage or collapse under major earthquakes deriving from countries outside of Malaysia.