Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Kompos Jerami dan Jenis Mulsa Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan  mengetahui pengaruh kompos jerami padi dan jenis  mulsa pada pertumbuhan dan hasil melon. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Blitar pada bulan Agustus hingga November 2016. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan3 ulangan. Faktor pertama dosis kompos jerami terdiri dari tiga aras, k0: Tanpa kompos jerami, k1: kompos jerami 10 ton/ha; k2: kompos jerami 20 ton / ha. Faktor II: jenis mulsa, terdiri dari tiga aras, m0: Tanpa mulsa; m1: Mulsa jerami; m2: mulsa plastik hitam silver. Pengamatan meliputi: panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (daun), bobot segar dan bobot kering brangkasan (g), bobot buah (kg), diameter buah (cm) dan tebal buah (mm). Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dilanjut dengan uji Duncan kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi nyata perlakuan kompos jerami padi (k) dan jenis mulsa (m) terhadap bobot kering tanaman dan bobot segar tanaman. Hasil tertinggi adalah kombinasi perlakuan kompos jerami 20 ton/ha dan mulsa plastik hitam perak (k2m2) dan mampu meningkatkan bobot kering tanaman hingga 26,87% dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa kompos jerami dan tanpa mulsa/kontrol. Dosis kompos jerami padi 20 ton/ha dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan hasil melon lebih baik daripada perlakuan tanpa kompos jerami. Peningkatan hasil berat melon akibat kompos jerami padi adalah 21,59%. Mulsa plastik hitam dan perak dapat meningkatkan hasil melon 15,56% lebih tinggi daripada tanpa mulsa dan meningkat 6,077% lebih tinggi dari mulsa jerami padi.The purpose of this research was to determined the effect of straw compost and mulching on growth and yield of melon (Cucumis melo L.). This research was conducted in Garum Village, District of Garum, Blitar in August to November 2016. This research was conducted using a factorial randomize complete block design with 3 replications. The first factor was straw compost dose consists of three levels, i.e. k0: Without compost straw, k1: straw compost 10 tons/ha; k2: straw compost 20 tons/ha. Factor II was the type of mulch, consist of three levels, i.e. m0: Without mulch; m1: straw mulch; m2: silver black plastic mulch. From the two factors aboveobtained 9 combination of treatment. Observation of the plant include the length of the plant (cm), number of leaves (leaf), wet basic weigth and dry basic weight of plant (g), weight of fruit (kg), diameter of fruit (cm) and thickness of fruit (mm). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variants (ANOVA) at 5% level, and if significantly followed by Duncan's test at 5% level. Straw compost dose of 20 ton/ha can improve plant growth and better crop yield melon than without straw composttreatment. The increase in weight of melon with strawcompost treatment is 21.59%. Silver black plastik mulch treatment can  increase the yield of melon up to 15.56% higher than without mulch treatment and improve 6.077% higher than the straw mulch treatment.