Morpho-agronomic traits and balance of sink and source of rice planted on upland rainfed

Abstract

Rice morpho-agronomic traits determine the yield at different planting seasons due to the characters that are closely related to genetic characteristics and environmental factors. This study aims to observe morpho-agronomic traits of three varieties, namely Situ Patenggang (as the check variety that can be planted in rice fields and upland rainfed), Sipulo and Sanbei (both as the test varieties). The varieties planted in upland rainfed in order to observe the morpho-agronomic traits occur, as the rice planted in rainfed might be able to be planted elsewhere, due to its water stress tolerance. The result showed that the check variety have morpho-agronomic traits that show a balanced sink and source, while the two test varieties, Sipulo and Sanbei have a larger but imbalance source and sink capacity. The imbalance of source and sink was caused by the large amount of the last panicles that appeared from tertiary or quaternary tiller, in which increased the percentage of unfilled grains that later caused a low percentage of filled grain. However, the potential yield remains high compared to the check variety. Therefore, from the observation, it is clear that the morpho-agronomic traits of rice can be determinants in determining rice yield.