BIM and Risk Management: A Review of Strategies for Identifying, Analysing and Mitigating Project Risks

Abstract

Construction projects involve numerous risks that can impact cost, schedule, quality, safety, and sustainability. Effective risk management is critical for project success. Building Information Modelling (BIM) offers capabilities that can transform risk management across the project lifecycle. This paper provides a systematic review of how BIM can aid core risk management processes including identification, analysis, response planning, and monitoring. An extensive literature review synthesizes key techniques and findings on leveraging BIM-based tools and workflows for construction risk management. Case studies provide practical insights on implementation. Expert interviews reveal real-world perspectives on opportunities and challenges. The findings indicate BIM enables automated and visualization-based risk identification across project stages. BIM supports detailed qualitative and quantitative risk analysis through model simulations and integration with key performance data. It facilitates scenario-based evaluation of risk response plans through impact analysis. BIM also enables real-time risk monitoring by connecting models to construction progress data and early warning systems. However, issues around change resistance, contractual alignment, model reliability, and integration with existing systems constrain the realization of BIM’s risk management capabilities. A conceptual framework is developed to guide workflows, best practices, and further research on BIM adoption for minimizing construction project risks.