Usability of a cross-system housing stability program for juvenile courts: A multimethod study of probation counselor perspectives

Abstract

Background: Youth in contact with the juvenile legal system experience disproportionate rates of homelessness. While system contact is a critical intervening point, juvenile courts do not typically offer housing services. One solution is to refer youth to evidence-based, community-based services to meet housing-related needs, but a myriad of individual and organizational factors often impede court staff from making such referrals. Housing Stability for Youth in Courts (HSYNC) is a novel, cross-system service linkage model for court-involved youth facing housing instability. HSYNC was developed using codesign as a strategy to improve usability and incorporated evidence on juvenile court linkage strategies effective at increasing service referrals and improving outcomes. Method: The current study utilized a multimethod approach to evaluate the usability of HSYNC from the perspective of juvenile probation counselors (JPCs) as one group of end-users. As part of the pilot implementation study, survey (N = 15) and semi-structured interview (N = 20) data were obtained from JPCs from four juvenile courts in one northwestern state. Results: Survey results indicated good usability for HSYNC (mean implementation strategy usability scale score of 80). Themes from the interviews complemented survey findings, pointing to HSYNC as a value-added program that integrated well with existing probation practices. The housing navigator's approach was highlighted as a strong facilitator of program usability. Themes also provided greater insight into implementation barriers (i.e., individual and contextual factors) and areas for improvement (e.g., eligibility screening process). Conclusions: Drivers of program usability and implications for program improvement to address identified implementation challenges to ensure the HSYNC model is effective and sustainable long-term are discussed.