Resposta do feijoeiro à adubação fosfatada em solos de cerrado com diferentes históricos de uso(1)

Abstract

The different periods of tillage and forms of management may influence the availability of nutrients, including P. The objective of this study was evaluate the beans plants response to phosphate fertilizer in four Cerrado Latosols with different land use history. Samples of a clayey dystrophic Red Latosol (LVd1), a high medium texture Red Latosol (LVd2), a medium dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd1) and a low medium texture Red-Yellow Latosol (LVAd2) were collected in 0-20 cm depth layer in cultivated areas and surrounding uncultivated areas (native Cerrado). For each type of soil and concomitantly one experiment was carried out in greenhouse. A completely randomized design in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (two land use history - cultivated an uncultivated, and four P doses) with four replication. The following P doses: 0, 120, 240, and 480 mg dm-3 were used on the source triple superphosphate. The addition of increasing P doses promoted increases in all components concerning growth of bean plants, mainly dry matter and P content. The formerly-cultivated condition improved the beans plants response to fertilization especially in the lower P dose and in this condition, a higher plant absorption was noticed. The land use history influence both absorption efficiency and P use efficiency by plants. However, conditions that promote greater absorption are opposite those that allow more efficient use of nutrient, mainly in the formerly-cultivated condition. The available P in the soil was more dependent on the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics than land use history.