An integrative approach identifies a new species of bumblebee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombini) from northeastern Brazil

Abstract

Here, we describe a new species of genus Bombus Latreille, 1802 from northeastern Brazil, Bombus (Thoracobombus) applanatus Oliveira, Françoso & Arias, sp. nov. Molecular analysis was initially performed to confirm the new species placement within the genus Bombus. Afterward, we performed an integrative approach combining molecular data (DNA barcoding and two nuclear regions) and morphology to confirm its taxonomic status. The genetic and morphological data were very consistent and congruent supporting this group as a new species. B. (Thoracobombus) applanatus Oliveira, Françoso & Arias, sp. nov. has the body totally covered by black pilosity and can be distinguished from closer and/or sympatric species by clypeus shape, which has a distinct flattened dorsal platform, by length of malar area and the length and shape of the hairs, shorter and aligned as if it was trimmed. In addition, brief taxonomic notes on Bombus (Thoracobombus) brevivillus Franklin (1913) and Bombus (Thoracobombus) morio Swederus (1787), the sympatric species, are provided. A key for identification of Brazilian Bombus species, including the new species, was elaborated.