Treatment Patterns for Targeted Therapies, Non-Targeted Therapies, and Drug Holidays in Patients with Psoriasis

Abstract

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate US treatment patterns and, more specifically, switch patterns among patients with psoriasis (PsO) who initiated treatment with targeted therapy (TT) and subsequently switched to another therapy. Methods: This retrospective study used IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Databases (1/1/2006–3/31/2020) to evaluate treatment patterns in biologic- and apremilast-naive patients with PsO. TT included apremilast, adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab, or other biologics (certolizumab pegol, secukinumab, brodalumab, ixekizumab, guselkumab, or tildrakizumab). Adults with ≥ 1 prescription for a TT, ≥ 2 PsO claims separated by ≥ 1 day on or before the index date (date of first TT prescription), and continuous medical and pharmacy enrollment for 1 year before and 2 years after the index date were eligible. Non-targeted therapy (NTT) was defined as non-targeted oral systemic treatment, topical treatment, phototherapy, or no treatment. Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis was used to estimate time to reinitiation of TT (24-month continuous enrollment post-index was not required). Results: A total of 11,526 patients with PsO were included; mean [standard deviation (SD)] age and Charlson Comorbidity Index score were 48.3 (12.8) years and 0.9 (1.43), respectively. During the follow-up, 69.2% of the patients were treated with NTT. Median time to first NTT, for those who received NTT, was 205 days (longest: adalimumab, 252 days). Among patients who switched to NTT after initiating treatment with TT, 52.6% reinitiated treatment with TT (least common: apremilast, 45.6%), with a median time to reinitiation of 106 days (longest: other biologics, 136 days). For all patients on NTT, the probability of reinitiating any TT was 60.7% at 24 months. Conclusions: PsO treatment is often cyclical in nature. Patients frequently experience drug holidays or transition back to TT after using NTT. The consideration of real-world treatment patterns in future economic models may provide new insights into the clinical effectiveness and value of PsO treatments.