Numerical study of hydrothermal characteristics in nanofluid using KKL model with Brownian motion

Abstract

Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to study hydrothermal characteristics of nano-fluid subjected to Brownian motion. For effective thermal conductivity and viscosity, Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li (KKL) model is used. It is observed that the dispersion of nano-particles in Newtonian liquid causes a significant increase in the effective thermal conductivity. The results based on the dispersion of nano-particles help engineers design an efficient thermal system. The significant role of viscous dissipation in diffusion of momentum of the wall into the fluid is observed. Therefore, effects of dissipations cannot be ignored while designing thermal systems. The buoyant force is responsible for the effect of electromagnetic thermal radiations on the fluid velocity. Convectively heated surface enhances the rate of generation of entropy. This study considers nano-fluids as the best coolants, compared to the base fluids. Imposition of magnetic field causes more entropy generation.