Greenhouse Gasses Emission from Coal Mining Operation in North Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Greenhouse gasses (GHG) are gases that could trap heat in the atmosphere and mainly made up of carbon dioxide (CO¬2¬) and methane (CH4). Coal is still one of the primary energy sources in several countries such as South Africa (71%), China (57%), Australia (30%), and Indonesia (44%). Therefore, coal mining operation is indicated as one of the biggest GHG contributor in the world. However, coal as commodity also indicated emitting GHG emission sequentially but its pathways are still debatable. GHG emission from coal mainly stated as an emission factor on both CO2 and CH4 because of coal combustion and/or existing gas in the coal bearing strata. The study of GHG emission or so-called Carbon Emission has been done based on several regions, coal rank, and condition. This study focuses on identify and projecting the GHG emission based on coal mining operation plan in North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This study aims to identify and adds more broader perspective about GHG emission from coal mining. The GHG emission estimation is based form Tier 1 IPCC Calculation method and estimated from a different scenario of production along the year. The GHG emission in this study estimated from fuel combustion and fugitive emission. The total emission estimated from this study was 1.31 × 10-02 kg CO2eq / kg coal.