Model for predicting drug resistance based on the clinical profile of tuberculosis patients using machine learning techniques

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and despite effective treatments, still affects millions of people worldwide. The advent of new treatments has not eliminated the significant challenge of TB drug resistance. Repeated and inadequate exposure to drugs has led to the development of strains of the bacteria that are resistant to conventional treatments, making the eradication of the disease even more complex. In this context, it is essential to seek more effective approaches to fighting TB. This article proposes a model for predicting drug resistance based on the clinical profile of TB patients, using machine learning techniques. The model aims to optimize the work of health professionals directly involved with tuberculosis patients, driving the creation of new containment strategies and preventive measures, as it specifies the clinical data that has the greatest impact and identifies the individuals with the greatest predisposition to develop resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. The results obtained show, in one of the scenarios, a probability of development of 70% and an accuracy of 84.65% for predicting drug resistance.