Diagnostic test accuracy of AI-assisted mammography for breast imaging: a narrative review

Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence into healthcare, particularly in mammography, holds immense potential for improving breast cancer diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI), with its ability to process vast amounts of data and detect intricate patterns, offers a solution to the limitations of traditional mammography, including missed diagnoses and false positives. This review focuses on the diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted mammography, synthesizing findings from studies across different clinical settings and algorithms. The motivation for this research lies in addressing the need for enhanced diagnostic tools in breast cancer screening, where early detection can significantly impact patient outcomes. Although AI models have shown promising improvements in sensitivity and specificity, challenges such as algorithmic bias, interpretability, and the generalizability of models across diverse populations remain. The review concludes that while AI holds transformative potential in breast cancer screening, collaborative efforts between radiologists, AI developers, and policymakers are crucial for ensuring ethical, reliable, and inclusive integration into clinical practice.