Modification of Activated Carbon from Elaeis Guineensis Jacq Shell with Magnetite (Fe3O4) Particles and Study Adsorption-Desorption on Ni(II) Ions in Solution

Abstract

Activated carbon coated with magnetite (ACA-Fe3O4) was synthesized in this study. Activated carbon was synthesized using an Elaeis Guineensis Jacq (EGJ) as a raw material followed by physical and chemical activation. Physical activation is carried out by heating at a temperature of 700°C and followed by a reaction with H3PO4 solution as chemical activation. Furthermore, the activated carbon was reacted with a mixture of FeCl3 and FeSO4 solution then followed by the addition of NaOH solution up to a pH of 10. Characterization with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) on ACA-Fe3O4 was done to confirm that magnetite has succeeded to coating on ACA. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Surface Area Method (SBET) confirmed that pore volume and average pore diameter increase with the presence of magnetite. Optimum conditions for Ni(II) ion adsorption with ACA-Fe3O4 was under conditions of 0.5 grams adsorbent, 25 mL of Ni(II) ion solution 100 ppm, and contact time of 1 hour with the acquisition of 99.11%. Adsorption process more suitable with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir adsorption isotherm pattern. Desorption of Ni(II) ion of 70.84% using HCl.