Use of matching methods in observational studies with critical patients and renal outcomes. Scoping review

Abstract

Introduction Although the use of matching techniques in observational studies has been increasing, it is not always adequate. Clinical trials are not always feasible in critically ill patients with renal outcomes, and observational studies are an important alternative. Objective Through a scoping review, determine the available evidence on the use of matching methods in studies involving critically ill patients and renal outcome assessments. Methods Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases were used to identify articles published between 1992 and week 10 of 2020. Studies had to assess different exposures in critically ill patients with renal outcomes using propensity score matching. Results Most publications are cohort studies 94 (94.9%), with five (5.1%) reporting cross-sectional studies. The main pharmacological intervention was the use of antibiotics in seven studies (7.1%) and the main risk factor studied was renal injury prior to ICU admission in 10 studies (10.1%). The use of standardized means to assess balance of baseline characteristics was found in only 28 studies (28.2%). Most studies 95 (96%) used logistic regression to calculate the propensity score. Conclusion Major inconsistencies were observed regarding the use of methods and reporting of findings. Considerations related to the use of propensity score matching methods and reporting of findings are summarized.