Origin, structure, and activity in vitro and in vivo of dalbavancin

Abstract

Dalbavancin is a novel semi-synthetic lipoglycopeptide that was designed to improve upon the natural glycopeptides currently available, vancomycin and teicoplanin. Chemical modification of natural glycopeptides has produced compounds with more potent antimicrobial activity and longer t1/2, while maintaining an excellent safety profile. Dalbavancin, prepared from a teicoplanin-like glycopeptide, has better activity, in vitro and in animal infection models, than vancomycin and teicoplanin. In particular, dalbavancin has excellent activity against staphylococci, including coagulase-negatives. A unique feature of dalbavancin is its pharmacokinetics, characterized by a long elimination t1/2 in humans which makes a once-weekly dosing regimen feasible. Dalbavancin recently completed Phase 3 clinical trials in skin and skin structure infection. © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005; all rights reserved.