What is the importance of distal nail diameter in the treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures?

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of distal nail diameter in the treatment of geriatric intertrochanteric femur fractures (ITFFs). Patients and methods: Between January 2017 and January 2021, a total of 91 patients (34 males, 57 females; mean age: 80.6±7.8 years; range, 65 to 96 years) who had osteosynthesis due to an ITFF with a short cephalomedullary nail (CMN) were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=18) included patients with a distal nail diameter of ≤10 mm and Group 2 (n=73) included patients with a distal nail diameter of >10 mm. Patients’ age, sex, fracture type according to AO classification, intramedullary femoral canal diameter, canal fit ratio, operation duration, reduction quality, the distal diameter of the CMN, and complications were evaluated. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of the mean age, sex, fracture type, mean intramedullary canal diameter, reduction quality, and implant failure (p>0.05). The mean operation duration was significantly shorter in Group 2 (112.9±39.9 min) compared to Group 1 (128.8±36.4 min) (p=0.048). A total of three intraoperative peri-implant fractures occurred which included one 9 mm nail, one 12 mm nail, and one 14 mm nail. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that there is no advantage of using a >10-mm CMN in the treatment of geriatric ITFFs in terms of reducing the implant failure rate. However, the utility of a >10-mm CMN can reduce the operation duration.