Effect of the substrate for pupation in the postfeeding larval dispersal of Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

Abstract

Blowflies utilize discrete and ephemeral sites for breeding and larval nutrition. After the exhaustion of food, the larvae begin dispersing to search for pupation sites or for additional food sources, a process referred to as postfeeding larval dispersal. However the nature of the substrate can affect this process. Some of the most important aspects of this behavior were here investigated in Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819), utilizing a circular arena covered with vermiculite allowing the post-feeding larval dispersal from the center and to comparing with others studies that used sawdust. To determinate the location of each pupa, the arena was divided into 72 equal sectors from the center. For each pupa, weight, dispersal distance from the center of arena, and depth were determined. Statistical tests were performed to verify the relationship among weight, depth and distance of burial for pupation. The larvae that dispersed farthest were those with lower weights, as in other studies that employed other substrates. The majority of individuals reached the burial depth for pupation between 2 and 8 cm (mean 4.96 ± 2.97 cm). The study of this dispersal process can be helpful in the estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) for human corpses in medico-criminal investigations.