Martingales and Financial Mathematics

Abstract

In this expository paper, we will discuss the role played by martingales in Financial Mathematics. More precisely, we will restrict ourselves to a mathematical formulation of the economical concept of an arbitrage-free, complete market and the pricing of derivatives in such models. For a clear exposition, we only consider the discrete case. We also discuss the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein model which is still one of the most used models in Finance.