Sonochemical Synthesis of Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Biomaterial Composite from Shellfish and Their Characterizations

Abstract

In general, seashells can contain calcium up to 97.19%. Therefore, it is potentially as a calcium source for nano-HA production. In this work, nano-HA was produced by sonochemical method with a period of sonication for 2 hours. Furthermore, nano-HA was composited with chitosan by a sonochemical method with a period of sonication for 2 hrs. Some fundamental characterizations were conducted to reveal the crystal structure, particle size, lattice parameters, microstructural morphology, and particle size by means of XRD, SEM, and EDX, respectively. Our results clearly showed that this desired crystalline of the composites had been successfully formed. Nano-hydroxyapatite with particle size 25.03 nm and Ca/P ratio 1.65 have been formed. The SEM result showed that the morphology was uniform and the composite had particles with the needle-like shape. The result from the synthesis of nano-HA/chitosan is recommended for biomedical application as bone filler.