Review on parameterization schemes of visibility in fog and brief discussion of applications performance

Abstract

Low visibility, associated with fog, severely affects land, marine, and air transportation. Visibility is an important indicator to identify different intensities of fog; therefore, improving the ability to forecast visibility in fog is an urgent need for social and economic development. Establishing a proper visibility parameterization scheme is crucial to improving the accuracy of fog forecast operation. Considering various visibility impact factors, including RH, Nd, D, LWC, the parameterization formula of visibility in fog, as well as their performance in meteorology operation, are reviewed. Moreover, the estimated ability of the visibility parameterization formulas combined with the numerical model is briefly described, and their advantages and shortcomings are pointed out.