Avances metodológicos para el estudio conjunto de la información genética, genealógica y geográfica en análisis evolutivos y de distribución

Abstract

Phylogeography is a discipline that involves the analysis of the distribution of gene lineages throughout their geographical range, with the objective of evaluating and elucidating the historic, evolutionary and ecological patterns and processes that determine the global distribution of the biota. In the present review we present a summary of the history, definition and progresses of phylogeography, deepening about the tools, methods and techniques used to perform phylogeographical studies. We synthesize the fundamentals and theoretical and analytical advances, with explanations based on relevant examples that will allow readers to acquire the sense and scope of this research field. Finally, we point out the novel routes of phylogeographic analysis and study.