Understanding Occupational Therapists’ Job Satisfaction Through an Ecological Lens—A Qualitative Scoping Review

Abstract

Despite the critical role of occupational therapists in healthcare, there has been limited focus on understanding their job satisfaction compared to other health-related disciplines. This gap is significant as job satisfaction among occupational therapists profoundly influences employee morale, client care, and organizational dynamics. This study explored factors influencing occupational therapists’ job satisfaction through an ecological lens to enhance their work environments, promoting both personal and professional growth. A scoping review of qualitative evidence was conducted from 1921 to 2024 via CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, and AMED, including 10 qualitative articles. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes. Four key themes were identified impacting job satisfaction including humanistic values driving professional fulfillment, professional identity and recognition, workplace structural barriers, and advocacy and strengthening approaches. Although occupational therapists find their job rewarding and fulfilling because of its client-centered care, they confront challenges particularly with professional recognition, career identity, and limited support. To enhance their job satisfaction, a more system-level ecological approach is required to enhance the leadership approaches, mentorship, communication channels, and collaboration opportunities.