Modeling Life Expectancy in Indonesia Using System GMM Model

Abstract

Life expectancy marks the success of efforts to provide basic rights, such as access to good health services. Lack of improvement in conditions or stagnation is often considered a cause for concern because it can lead to a decline in the health profile of the population driven by adverse socioeconomic status trends. Consequently, the determinants of modeling the life expectancy of males and females in Indonesia were carefully selected by collecting data in 34 Indonesian provinces from 2010-2020. The modeling was carried out using the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) method with the GMM system model approach. The results showed that the availability of health infrastructure and environmental conditions, such as sanitation and access to safe drinking water are very important to support and guarantee access to health services needed by the community. Social and economic status, such as GRDP per capita, literacy, unemployment, and poverty also contribute to the increase in life expectancy of males and females in Indonesia. Furthermore, the realization of government policies in the health sector must be continuously evaluated for the sustainability of the infrastructure development acceleration program by prioritizing community welfare improvement.