Black Phosphorus Nanosheets: Synthesis and Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Since 2014, black phosphorus (BP) has gained more and more attention because of its unique physicochemical properties. In particular, with unique electrical, optical, and biodegradable performances, BP may serve as an alternative for other two-dimensional nanomaterials (2DNMs) in biomedical applications. However, the practical application of BP in the biomedical field still faces great challenges. In this article, we focus on the various synthesis methods of BP, including the exfoliation method, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and wet-chemical self-assembly method, and recent advances of BP in biomedical fields, such as biosensing, imaging, drug delivery, phototherapy, and bioactive phospho-therapy are highlighted. Finally, the current challenges of BP in biomedical applications are briefly discussed. It is believed that this article will provide effective scientific support for the development and application of BP.