Platelet-rich fibrin – new course in regenerative medicine and dentistry

Abstract

Introduction. Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a fibrin matrix that belongs to the platelet-rich preparations obtained from the patient’s blood. We distinguish pure, leukocytic, and advanced, injected and structural platelet-rich fibrin (P-PRF, L-PRF, A-PRF, I-PRF, S-PRF). PRF is used in dentistry (oral surgery, periodontics, endodontics, implantology and pediatric dentistry). The use of PRF is also known in orthopedics as well as in aesthetic medicine. It is more and more often used in skin regeneration processes, acne treatment, removal of scars and wrinkles as well as androgenetic alopecia therapy. Aim of the study. To present current knowledge of the possibilities of using platelet-rich fibrine in medicine, with particular emphasis on dentistry. Methods of acquisition, necessary equipment and mechanism of action have also been described. Methodology. In the PubMed database a systematic, comprehensive review of scientific publications published in 2008-2018 on the acquisition and use of platelet-rich fibrin in medicine was carried out. The focus was on aesthetic medicine and dentistry. Results and conclusions. The clinical efficacy of PRF is highly debatable due to limited evidence-based clinical literature and poor understanding of the mechanical and clinical properties of PRF biocomponents. Despite many dubious results of clinical trials, the platelet-rich fibrin is getting wider and wider group of supporters. Its application is constantly expanded. Subsequent modifications of the preparation protocol lead to obtaining preparations with a better effect (L-PRF, A-PRF, S-PRF). Undeniably, these preparations are a great hope of regenerative medicine, but randomized studies on a large research group are still insufficient. Only then would standardization of the method of preparation depending on the application be established.