Apoptosis in porcine pluripotent cells: From ICM to iPSCs

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Abstract

Pigs have great potential to provide preclinical models for human disease in translational research because of their similarities with humans. In this regard, porcine pluripotent cells, which are able to differentiate into cells of all three primary germ layers, might be a suitable animal model for further development of regenerative medicine. Here, we describe the current state of knowledge on apoptosis in pluripotent cells including inner cell mass (ICM), epiblast, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Information is focused on the apoptotic phenomenon in pluripotency, maintenance, and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and reprogramming of somatic cells in pigs. Additionally, this review examines the multiple roles of apoptosis and summarizes recent progress in porcine pluripotent cells.

Figures

  • Figure 1. Stem cell state in vivo and in vitro. PGCs: Primordial germ cells, ICM: inner cell mass, iPSCs: induced pluripotent stem cells, ESCs: embryonic stem cells, MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells, HSCs: Hematopoietic stem cells, NSCs: Neural stem cells. Scale bars = 50 µm.
  • Table 1. Characteristic comparison of mouse ESCs, human ESCs, and porcine ESCs.
  • Figure 2. Mitochondrial priming and apoptosis in pluripotent stem cells. PSC; Pluripotent stem cells, Differentiated; differentiated cells, Pro; pro-apoptotic factors, Anti; anti-apoptotic factors.
  • Figure 3. Apoptosis during reprogramming. iPSCs: induced pluripotent stem cells, SCTN: somatic cell nuclear transfer.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Kim, E., & Hyun, S. H. (2016, September 12). Apoptosis in porcine pluripotent cells: From ICM to iPSCs. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091533

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